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Fundamentals of data communication and networking involve transferring data between devices using a system of five key components: sender, receiver, message, medium, and protocol. The effectiveness of this communication is judged by four characteristics: delivery, accuracy, timeliness, and jitter.
Components of a Data Communication System
Sender: The device or entity that originates and sends the data or message.
Receiver: The device or entity that receives the transmitted data.
Message: The actual information being communicated, which can be text, audio, video, or other digital forms.
Transmission Medium: The physical pathway that connects the sender and receiver, allowing data to travel, such as cables (wired) or radio waves (wireless).
Protocol: A set of rules that governs data communication, ensuring that the sender and receiver understand how to exchange information effectively.